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JESSE FEWKES, 0F NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS. Letters .Patent No. 67,519, dated August 6, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN TIIREADING AND REGULATING TENSION 0I' THREAD IN WEAVING AND BRAIDING` MACHINES.

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TO ALL WI-IOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, JESSE FEWKES, of Newton, in the county of Middlesex, 'and State of Massachusetts, have invented an improved Method of Threading and Regulating the Tension of the Strands of Machines for Weaving, Braiding, etc, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to thi: accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which. l Y

Figure 1 is a perspective view, representingthe devices which I employ for threading and regulating the tension of the strands.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the centre of the same.

Figure 3 is a vertical section on the line :a :v of tig. 2.

Figures 4 and 5 details (enlarged) to be referred to. l

With the means ordinarily employed, the operations of threading and regulating the tension of the strands of a machine for braiding, weaving, etc., consume considerable time, and are inconvenient to4 perform, while, from the occurrence of knots, the increased tension occasioned thereby causes the strands to be frequently broken, thus Anecessitating the stoppage of the machines to rethread them. To obviate this delay and inconvenience, and to reduce or relieve the additional strain on the strandsabove referred to, is the object of my invention, which consists in a hook of peculiar form, around which is loosely fitted a hollow cup or sleeve, which is pressed up against its head by a spring, the tension of which is regulated by a screw-nut or other suitable device, the strand being eonducted'from the spool-reel or bobbin over the edge of the cup down under the hook and thence up over the opposite edge to the required point, by which construction, when the strand becomes knotted, the edge of the cup against which it is drawn is tipped or rocked down, to afford room for its entrance between the cup and hook, after which the knot is drawn up between the opposite side of the hook and the edge of the cup, which then yields or rocks downward, as above described; and where a number of these tensionregulators is employed the several strands are drawn through them uninterruptedly with an equaland uniform strain, (or nearly so,) thereby insuring the perfect formation of the work.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use my invention, Iwill proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out.

In thesaid drawings, A represents the table or platform of a'machine for braiding weaving, sewing, etc., from the upper side of which rises a vertical shaft or spindle, B, upon which revolves a spool, C, containing the yarn, thread, or cord a, used in the formation ofthe fabric, the top of the spindle B being provided with a screwnut, b, to keep the spool in place thereon. Within the table or platform A is fitted a circular plate,.D, from which rises a vertical pin, E, the lower end of which is provided with a screw-thread, e, which fits a corresponding screw-thread eut in the centre of the plate'D, the upper end of the vertical pin terminating in a hook, I", of a peculiar form to be described hereafter. Upon the screw-thread c turns a nut, d, upon which, and surrounding the pin E, rests an inverted conical spring, e, the upper side of which bears-against a circular plate, G, which fits loosely around the pin E. H is a hollow cup or sleeve which surrounds this pin, and rests upon the circular plate G, the top of the cup coming above the head of the hook, and being rounded or tapered olf, as shown in figs. 2 and 3, to relieve the friction ofthe strands a thereon, while the base'of the cup is enlarged, to afford greater facility to allow of its being depressed by the fingers against. the resistance of the spring, to thread the hookI. fis a check-nut, to prevent thejarring ofthe machine from turning the nut al down on the screw-thread and loosening the tension of the strand. The form of the hoolrand operation of threading it will now be described.

The tcp or head of the hook is rounded off from g to a point, t, situated at a sublicient distance above thc upper side z' of the hole or eye k to insure the'strand being pinched between the cup and the inclined surface lm of the head of the hook, to produce the amount of frictiounecessary for obtaining the tension required. The pertionof the head of the hook n op is cut away, in order to facilitate the operation ofthreading'the hook, the cup being first depressed to allow the strand to be entered through the openingp q, (see iig.'5,) the lower portion of the hook flaring outward to the points up, (see fig-4,) t'o prevent the strand from becoming accidentally disengaged therefrom. Care should be taken in making the curvature of the inside of the cup and the opening betwccn its top aid the top oflthe head of the hook F, in order that ample room will be ali'orded for the. entrance of a knot, which on entering will then be pinched so that its progress will be retarded and cause the edge 6 of the cup at which it entered to rock or bc pressed slightly' downward against the resistance of the spring e, thus affording spacefor the knot to pass down between the inclined surface Z m of the head of' the hook, and thence, through its hole or eye c, up between the opposite inclined surface lm of the head of -the hook, and that of the .edge 7 of the cup, at which point the progress of the knot will be again retarded and an increased tension produced sufficiently to cause this edge 7 `of the cnp to rock downward away from the inclined surface Z-m of the head of the hook and allow the knot to escapeA By the construction above explained it will be seen that the increased tension arising from a strand becoming knotted will be relieved at two points, 6 and 7, in its progress through the tension-regulator, and the breakage of the strands and consequent necessity of ,A rethreading them, common to Athe ordinary means of regulating the tension, thereby avoided. The cup, when pressed up lby the spring, does not come in contact with the inclined surface lm of the head of the hook, owing to the interposition of the strand, and when by constant friction a groove or channel be formed inthe lower portion of the inclined surface Zm, (although the strand may be sunk thereirn) still it prevents the ciip from coming in contact with the remaining portion of the inclined surface above the groove. liould the edge ofthe cup be worn away at any point from the saule cause, it is simply necessary to give it a partial revolution around the pin E, when another portion of the edge will bc brought under the strand. Instead of the employment of a hollow cup.` in connection with the above-described circular vertical pin, bearing the hook F, the pin and sides of the hook may be flattened and correspondingly formed pieces fitted thereto, these pieces being secured together by a pin passing through a slot provided for it in the flattened pin, the upper ends of these pieces, over which the strand is drawn, being smooth and rounded off, and pressed up against it by a spring similar to that above described, or by lany other suitable means, without departing from thespirit of my invention.

C'laim.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secnrc by Letters Patent, is- The hook F, in combination with the hollow cup H, operated substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

JESSE FEWKES.

Witnesses: v

N. W. S'rmnns, F. E. TESCHEMACHER. 

